BIOLOGICAL SIGNALING AXIS

Neuropeptides & CNS Signaling

Academic reference profiles for synthetic peptide fragments investigated for their interactions with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), melanocortin receptors, and GABAergic modulation.

Indexed Compounds2 CompoundsFull Chemical Dossiers

PubMed Citations5 StudiesPeer-Reviewed Literature

Verification Tier100% HPLC/MSAssayed Reagent Standards

Core Receptor Cascade & Cellular Targets:

BDNF/TrkB axis upregulation, serotonin turnover regulation, enkephalinase inhibition, neurovascular preservation.

Indexed Compounds in Neuropeptides & CNS Signaling

Select a peptide to review molecular formulas, amino acid sequences, and verified commercial sourcing links.

2 Active Dossiers

CAS 80714-61-0MW: 813.93

Semax

Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro Heptapeptide (ACTH 4-10 Pro-Gly-Pro)

Formula:C37H51N9O10S

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide structurally related to the 4-10 fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), stabilized by a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide. It lacks hormonal endocrine activity while displaying neurotrophic and neuroprotective properties in cerebral ischemia assays.

MeteredPre-MixedLyophilizedSynergistic

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CAS 129954-34-3MW: 751.89

Selank

Tuftsin Analog Heptapeptide (TP-7)

Formula:C33H57N11O9

Selank is a synthetic regulatory heptapeptide derived from the immunomodulatory tetrapeptide tuftsin with a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro sequence extension. Investigated in neurochemical models for allosteric GABA-A receptor modulation, enkephalinase inhibition, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression.

LyophilizedMetered

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Biochemical Architecture

Cellular Signaling Mechanisms & In Vitro Cascades

Phase 1: Receptor Binding

Transmembrane Affinity

Selective binding to primary G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), or ionotropic complexes initiating intracellular phosphorylation.

Phase 2: Signal Transduction

Second Messenger Activation

Cascade phosphorylation via MAP kinase, PI3K/Akt, or adenylate cyclase pathways, modulating cytosolic calcium levels and nuclear transcription factor recruitment.

Phase 3: Phenotypic Outcome

Transcriptional Synthesis

Upregulation of specific mRNA transcripts for structural proteins, angiogenic mediators, or neurotrophins documented across in vitro and pre-clinical assays.

Peer-Reviewed PubMed Literature Index

Primary publications documenting the molecular kinetics and assays of compounds in this axis.

5 Indexed Studies

SemaxJournal of Neurochemistry (2006)

Semax, an ACTH(4-10) analogue with nootropic properties, stimulates BDNF synthesis in the rat brain

Dolotov OV, Eremin KO, Andreeva LA, Novosadova EV, et al.

Key Finding: Quantified a 3-fold elevation in BDNF and trkB mRNA in glial and neuronal cultures within 3 hours.

PMID 16787421

SemaxNeuroscience and Behavioral Physiology (1997)

Heptapeptide Semax and its neuroprotective effects in models of acute cerebral hypoperfusion

Ashmarin IP, Nezavibatko VN, Levitskaya NG, et al.

Key Finding: Confirmed preservation of pyramidal neuron density in rat CA1 hippocampal region following bilateral carotid occlusion.

PMID 9444747

SemaxMolecular Genetics and Genomics (2014)

The peptide Semax affects the expression of genes related to the immune and vascular systems in rat brain focal ischemia

Medvedeva EV, Dmitrieva VG, Povarova OV, et al.

Key Finding: Identified broad upregulation of angiogenic and neuroprotective genes in cerebral cortex within 24 hours of occlusion.

PMID 24699863

SelankBulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine (2008)

The effect of selank on the level of cytokines in blood of patients with generalized anxiety disorder

Uchakina ON, Uchakin PN, Miasoedov NF, Andreeva LA, et al.

Key Finding: Demonstrated suppression of pro-inflammatory IL-6 expression alongside modulation of peripheral cytokine dynamics.

PMID 18578308

SelankMolecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology (2010)

Selank regulates the expression of genes involved in neurotransmission in rat brain cells

Volkova A, Andreeva L, Myasoedov N.

Key Finding: Quantified differential expression of 84 genes related to GABAergic, serotonergic, and neurotrophic transmission.

PMID 20925206

Laboratory Practice

Storage & Reconstitution Parameters for Neuropeptides & CNS Signaling

Lyophilized peptides cataloged in this pathway should be preserved at -20°C in desiccated containment. Upon reconstitution with Bacteriostatic Water or sterile isotonic saline, maintain solutions at 2°C to 8°C. Avoid repetitive freeze-thaw cycles which induce mechanical shearing of tertiary amino acid conformations.

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